The hatred has always existed, I can't speak for Shenmue 1 but I do know when Shenmue II first came out, most of the hatred was coming from other Xbox gamers who felt the title shouldn't have been on the system. Most of the popular games at that time on Xbox outside of a few rpgs like Morrowind were mainly shooters like Halo, and those who were into sports games. The first Xbox really struggled badly in Japan and Shenmue II was not seen as graphically revolutionary at the time when it hit Xbox. The harshest reviews came from Gameinformer and Official Xbox Magazine and the demos they released were quite poor. Most of the criticism had to do with the voices and slow gameplay.
Keep in mind that during this time, GTA 3 had been out a year on Playstation 2 with hopes it would come to Xbox and so the idea of Shenmue being "open world" was not convincing for many Xbox players.
Microsoft barely marketed the game and I recall forums including the xbox forums bashing the game like it was a hobby.
I sum this up to the western market, during that time adventure games were in a huge decline where most westerners were more interested in online competition (xbox live was becoming a thing then), focus on high frag counts and competition with scores in sports games or racing games. Shenmue II did not take advantage of Xbox live and was a slow paced story driven game with side activities and I think this is what sparked much of the dislike towards the game that xbox players felt the game belonged on Playstation 2.
TechTV/G4 also ranked Shenmue as one of the worst games of all time criticizing the slow gameplay and voice acting which had a large influence over gamers who generally avoided games with below an 8.0 rating or anything that didn't fit the mainstream. The audience back then was much more unforgiving.
Fast forward to 2019, 18 years has passed, kids who never played the original and some things have changed such as the revitalization of PC gaming, adventure and telltale games are selling well, indy games like walking simulators are doing great, open world games have become a standard and single player games focused in Japan like Yakuza have become a hit so why the hatred towards Shenmue?
Shenmue is a well established franchise like Final Fantasy, and like FF, most of the fans are long time fans, people who don't get the games or understand them generally show no interest because it doesn't make sense to them. Shenmue fits many criteria yet also due to how much time has passed, few have given the older games a chance and jumping in becomes frustrating to them. I think some are expecting the fast paced adult languaged goofy mafia style of Yakuza and when they see it is not, they become angry and look down on Shenmue. I think RPG fans look down on it because it doesn't contain magical lore or fantasy or monsters, open world fans hate it because it doesn't fit into a true sandbox of full exploration, driving cars, flying, and running up mountains. Others may dislike it because the setting in China and they want something in a big city like NY or Los Angeles.
Shenmue is a game of it's own, and what it comes down to is a very vocal minority of haters, reviewers are pushing their subscribers to do the popular thing, hate Shenmue and it's fans for no other reason than to antagonize and to fit in with the new popular opinion. It is easy to hate because it probably generates more money to create controversy knowing that outrage will bring both sides to view those videos or websites.